Specifying a Purpose and Research Questions or Hypotheses by Creswell

In this chapter, Creswell explained purpose statements, research questions, hypotheses, and objectives very well. I have learned and distinguished between them.

The purpose statement: is used in both quantitative and qualitative research in order to advance the overall direction of the research. It usually appears as the last sentence of an introduction.

Research questions: are used in both quantitative and qualitative research in order to narrow the purpose statement to specific questions.

Hypothesis: are used in quantitative research in order to narrow the propose statement to specific prediction. It appears after the literature review or in a separate section titled “Hypothesis”.

Research objectives: are used in quantitative research in order to specify goals that researchers plan to achieve in studies. It appears at the end of the “statement of problem, after the literature review, or in a separate section.

Then Creswell moved to how to design quantitative purpose, questions, and hypothesis. An extensive explanation of Variables was addressed such as the family of variables. After that, guidelines of writing purpose statement, questions, and hypothesis were explained in order to help students in their initial research. Finally, the author moved to how design qualitative purpose and questions. Differences between quantitative and qualitative purpose and questions were explained perfectly. I am practicing to write purpose of statements, questions and hypothesis in both quantitative and qualitative research to improve my research skills.

Educational Research

I have some ideas of my thesis research, but I did not decide a specific topic. My initial idea is the side effect of using mobile devices in classroom, I have researched about this topic but I didn’t find any paper. So, I asked some of my classmates who are teachers, and they told me that there is some issues of using mobile devices in classes such as assign to facebook, messenger. The purpose of this topic is to identify the problems that may face teachers in classes in order to find solutions. However, I’m reading “Educational Research Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative, and Qualitative Research”, and I’ve learned a lot from this book such as the different kind of research (quantitative, qualitative and mixed research). Also, the similarities and differences between these methods of research have been explained in chapter one in this book. Summary information that I learned is mentioned below.

First, the definition of Research is: a process of steps used collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue.

The Six Steps in The Process of Research:

1- Identify a research problem

2- Review the literature

3- Specify the purpose of the research

4- Collect data

5- Analyze data

6- Report research.

These steps are the basic of any research.

Second, The Similarities and Differences Between Quantitative and Qualitative Research:

Quantitative: The researcher identifies a research problem based on trends or the need to explain why something occurs.

The literature in qualitative plays a major role in tow ways: justifying the need of the research problem and suggesting potential purpose and research questions for the study.

Data collecting in quantitative use more closed-ended approaches (strongly agree, agree…).

Gathering data: in this kind of research relies on statistical analysis (numbers).

Qualitative: The researcher identifies a research problem in which we don’t know and need to explore. I think the side effect of using mobile devices in a classroom requires qualitative method.

The literature justifies the need to study the research problem. But the literature doesn’t provide major direction for the research questions.

Data collecting in qualitative use more open-ended approaches (what do you think about….).

Gathering data: in qualitative statistics are not used to analyze data, words or images analyze which is used in this type of research.

These are the main ideas to distinguish between different type of research.

How people can stay healthy?

In these days people are so busy in their work .They sit in their office work on computers while they eating junk food. This kind of life affect negatively of their bodies and minds. How can they fix this problem? There are two ways to stay healthy: exercise and eating healthy food.
First, exercises are very important to have a healthy life. There are many benefits for exercises. Relieve the daily pressure is done by exercise. For example, when I walk or run outside I feel so comfort and relive my pressure. Exercising burned calories .The perfect way to lose some Kilos is exercising such as: walking, running, swimming, and going to a Jim. Exercising gives people strong and healthy bodies. People who doing exercises have strong muscles and they have ability to work for long hours without tired, unlike, who do not. In short, exercising provides us healthy bodies.
In addition to exercise, eating healthy food is the second way to stay healthy. The good resource of vitamins from healthy food for example: fruit, and vegetables. These vitamins help bodies to do their activities. on the other hand junk food caused some trebles for bodies such as cancer, overweight. Healthy food does not have a lot of calories to keeps weight ideal. For instance, the brown bread has 229 calories bur the white bread has 243 calories. It is easy to replace our bad habit in eating to healthy habit like eating the whole grain in our food. In concluding, healthy food has a lot of advantages to stay healthy.
In short, exercise and healthy food are the best ways to stay healthy. Everyone should do exercise and eat healthy food to stay away from a doctor. If they do not follow these advices, they will probably have some health problems such as blood pressure, and heart diseases.

The Final.

After two weeks, this semester will done. Everything is going quickly. I cannot understand this case. We have a lot of homework, quizzes, and blogs .I want to study and prepare for final exams but the running time does not help me. In addition, I feel bored and I do not have any mood of studying. This is driving me to crazy. I really worried about final and I hope our instructors help us to prepare for final and quit taking any new lesson. We have taken a lot and we need to review and understand better. For example, in the Grammar there are some units are so confused (adjective close, participle, noun …).In the reading we need to review the vocabulary and comprehension .In the Listening, we do not study all vocabulary. We do not know if there is part of vocabulary in the final or no. I have a headache when I think about all these things. I hope we pass the final successfully

unbelivable weekend

This weekend is Unbealivable. This Monday, my classmate and I don't have grammar quiz. This is the first time I enjoy in the weekend, and relax for 9 Weeks. Students are busy on the weekend and want to go outdoors to have fun .so, they don't study until Sunday night, and we understand the result .There is not enough time to study. For example, If we have a quiz on Tuesday .we will have long time to study and we shouldn't go outside because we already enjoyed on the weekend .I think the average of the next grammar quiz will be perfect. Our teacher broke the routine and gave us some refresh weekend. I study the grammar and I understand more than if I have quiz. May be because there is no pressure. In general, I love this weekend and I enjoy. I hope my classmate enjoyed and don't forgot to study.

Training to be teacher

Training to be teacher
Today we have some visitors in our class who training to be a teacher. When I see them, I remember that days, when I got my dabble major. Training to be a teacher was an interesting experience I've got in my life. I was training for 3 months per one semester. It was in a real school .I had to control students and kept them quite while I was teaching mathematics lesson. I studied how to get students attentions 'and make them interested in a lesson. In addition, I learned how can be encouraged students. Also, I had to consider individual differences. My supervisor was with me in the class and assessed me. The students were funny even though they tried to make me nervous. In general, training to be a teacher was exciting and I enjoyed teaching students.

Dreams

This week we study about dreams .I get some interesting information. Firs, dreams happened in the REM stage.REM means rapid eye movement.REM happens per 90 min.So,if we say the average of sleep hours is 8 hor. We have 4-5 dreams per night. Second, person can be lucid dreamer .this means person can control his dream by some training. For example, you can travel where you want in your dream. I think if someone is thinking about something for long time he will dream about it but this is not means you lucid dreamer. Finally, there are some theories about dreams. Freud said the meaning of dreams is hiding wishes .Other research said the dreams happen because the brain activity. I learn new knowledge this week about dreams.